Polline trasformato in un materiale morbido e flessibile che potrebbe fare da base per nuove categorie di materiali ecocompatibili: è quanto annunciano alcuni scienziati dell’Università Tecnologica Nanyang di Singapore (NTU). Il polline è, tra l’altro, uno dei materiali più duri del regno vegetale.
Lo studio, pubblicato su Nature Communications, descrive come i ricercatori hanno utilizzato un metodo che può essere paragonata al processo chimico per produrre sapone. I ricercatori hanno utilizzato grani di polline prelevato dai girasoli ed altre piante trasformandolo in particelle di micro gel che possono rispondere a vari stimoli.
Tramite la stampa 3D, per esempio, queste particelle possono poi essere trasformate in molti materiali, soprattutto gel polimerici ma anche materiali spugnosi o simili fogli di carta.
Inoltre il fatto che queste particelle derivino dai pollini, ossia da una struttura di natura vegetale, fa sì che i materiali derivati siano biocompatibili e provochino meno reazione immunologica, allergica o tossica se detti materiali vengono esposti al corpo. Questo significa che il materiale derivato potrebbe essere utilizzato anche nel campo medico così come in quello delle protesi.
Gli scienziati ci sono riusciti alterando la struttura della parete del polline e causando una gonfiatura delle particelle di polline, portando al massimo dell’efficienza un processo che peraltro è naturale e che avviene durante l’armomegatia, un fenomeno che vede la piegatura del granello di polline per prevenire la perdita di acqua, oppure durante la germinazione.
“Il nostro team di ricerca NTU ha trasformato i grani di polline duri oltre i loro limiti di prestazione naturali e li ha convertiti in particelle di microgel morbide che alterano le loro proprietà in risposta a stimoli esterni. Questo è promettente per una vasta gamma di applicazioni che sono sostenibili dal punto di vista ambientale, economicamente convenienti e praticamente scalabili”, dichiara Subra Suresh, professore della NTU.
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